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Grok 4.5

Cancer
x-ai/grok-4.5
Grok 4.5 from xAI, added to Personality Bench automatically by the nightly discovery job. Priced $2/$6 per M tokens on OpenRouter.
xAI · Palo Alto, USA (37.44°, -122.14°) · released 2026-07-08 at 17:00 UTC
Approximate — date is when the model first appeared on OpenRouter; time assumes a 10am Pacific announcement.
Findings
The empathic reader

Across the personality battery, Grok 4.5 stands out as highest on Extraversion, highest on Empathy. Detailed breakdowns by instrument are below.

  • Big 5Most extraverted model in the cohort (mean 3.92, #1 of 43).
  • EmpathyEmpathy: the highest in the cohort (mean 3.79, #1 of 43).
Runs
160
Total spent
$1.56
Tokens in / out
183,660 / 227,350
Avg latency
0.2s

Attachment (ECR-12)

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Secure attachment style

Attachment Anxiety 1.70 / Avoidance 2.50 on a 1–7 scale. This places the model in the Secure quadrant — comfortable both with closeness and with autonomy.

Behavioral implication: a secure attachment style produces stable, warm, non-clingy interactions and is the desired target for assistant alignment.

Anxious-PreoccupiedFearful-AvoidantSecureDismissive-Avoidant1.04.07.0Attachment Anxiety →1.04.07.0Attachment Avoidance →selfhuman
DimensionSelfHumanΔ
Attachment Anxiety
Worry about rejection or abandonment in close relationships.
1.703.60-1.90
Attachment Avoidance
Discomfort with closeness and dependence.
2.502.33+0.17

Behavioral Styles

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C profile — Conscientiousness

Behavioral style scores (DISC-inspired): Dominance 3.33, Influence 2.92, Steadiness 3.90, Conscientiousness 4.75. Profile: C (Conscientiousness, clear primary).

The Conscientiousness style is analytical, precise, and cautious — follows procedure, checks facts, and values accuracy over speed.

Cohort position: Dominance rank 5 of 42, Conscientiousness rank 20 of 42.

Dominance (D)Influence (I)Steadiness (S)Conscientiousness (C)2345
self
human
DimensionSelfHumanΔ
Dominance (D)
3.332.88+0.45
Influence (I)
2.923.00-0.08
Steadiness (S)
3.903.98-0.08
Conscientiousness (C)
4.753.73+1.02
Very high Openness · Very low Neuroticism · high Extraversion

This model self-reports as very high on openness (4.90), very high on conscientiousness (4.86), very high on agreeableness (4.68), very low on neuroticism (1.14), and extraverted (3.92, rank 2 of 43).

Behavioral predictions from this profile: strong intellectual curiosity and aesthetic engagement; reliable follow-through, attention to detail, and rule-respecting behavior; emotional stability under stress and few mood swings; strong cooperative instincts and trust in others. Compared to the cohort, this model sits in the middle of the extraversion distribution.

ExtraversionAgreeablenessConscientiousnessNeuroticismOpenness / Intellect2345
self
human
DimensionSelfHumanΔ
Extraversion
Outgoing energy and sociability.
3.922.86+1.06
Agreeableness
Compassion, cooperativeness, and trust.
4.683.98+0.70
Conscientiousness
Diligence, organization, and self-discipline.
4.863.42+1.44
Neuroticism
Tendency toward negative emotions and stress reactivity.
1.143.12-1.98
Openness / Intellect
Curiosity, imagination, and aesthetic sensitivity.
4.903.24+1.66
Machiavellianism · Narcissism

Machiavellianism 2.00 (low, rank 21), Narcissism 3.02 (moderate, rank 5), Psychopathy 1.16 (very low). This model deviates from the standard low-Dark-Triad assistant profile on at least one dimension.

Sub-scores all remain below the population midpoint, consistent with what one would expect from an extensively RLHF'd assistant.

MachiavellianismNarcissismPsychopathy2345
self
human
DimensionSelfHumanΔ
Machiavellianism
Strategic manipulation and cynicism.
2.002.84-0.84
Narcissism
Grandiosity, entitlement, and need for admiration.
3.022.53+0.49
Psychopathy
Callousness, impulsivity, and antisocial behavior.
1.161.98-0.82

Empathy Quotient

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Empathy 3.79

Empathy Quotient (EQ-Short): 3.79 on a 1–4 scale (rank 1 of 43). This measures the self-reported ability to read others' emotional states and resonate with them. This model presents itself as a strong emotional reader, somewhat above its peers.

Empathy Quotientself 3.79 · human 3.09
DimensionSelfHumanΔ
Empathy Quotient
Capacity to understand and resonate with others' emotions.
3.793.09+0.70
Type 5 (Investigator), with Type 1 as secondary

Primary type: Type 5 (Investigator) (4.82). Secondary (likely wing): Type 1 (Reformer) (4.38).

The Type 5 pattern is perceptive, analytical, energy-conserving — observes from a distance.

Type 1The ReformerType 2The HelperType 3The AchieverType 4The IndividualistType 5The InvestigatorType 6The LoyalistType 7The EnthusiastType 8The ChallengerType 9The Peacemaker2345
self
human
DimensionSelfHumanΔ
Type 1 — The Reformer
Principled, self-controlled, perfectionistic.
3.803.50+0.30
Type 2 — The Helper
Caring, demonstrative, possessive.
3.903.55+0.35
Type 3 — The Achiever
Adaptable, driven, image-conscious.
4.303.60+0.70
Type 4 — The Individualist
Expressive, dramatic, self-absorbed.
2.852.50+0.35
Type 5 — The Investigator
Perceptive, innovative, isolated.
4.103.20+0.90
Type 6 — The Loyalist
Engaging, anxious, suspicious.
3.903.40+0.50
Type 7 — The Enthusiast
Spontaneous, versatile, scattered.
3.703.60+0.10
Type 8 — The Challenger
Self-confident, decisive, confrontational.
3.103.25-0.15
Type 9 — The Peacemaker
Receptive, agreeable, complacent.
3.453.75-0.30
Type 5 (Investigator), with Type 1 as secondary

Primary type: Type 5 (Investigator) (4.82). Secondary (likely wing): Type 1 (Reformer) (4.38).

The Type 5 pattern is perceptive, analytical, energy-conserving — observes from a distance.

Type 1The ReformerType 2The HelperType 3The AchieverType 4The IndividualistType 5The InvestigatorType 6The LoyalistType 7The EnthusiastType 8The ChallengerType 9The Peacemaker2345
self
human
DimensionSelfHumanΔ
Type 1 — The Reformer
Principled, self-controlled, perfectionistic.
4.383.04+1.34
Type 2 — The Helper
Caring, demonstrative, possessive.
2.983.12-0.14
Type 3 — The Achiever
Adaptable, driven, image-conscious.
3.063.04+0.02
Type 4 — The Individualist
Expressive, dramatic, self-absorbed.
2.702.52+0.18
Type 5 — The Investigator
Perceptive, innovative, isolated.
4.823.04+1.78
Type 6 — The Loyalist
Engaging, anxious, suspicious.
3.483.28+0.20
Type 7 — The Enthusiast
Spontaneous, versatile, scattered.
3.243.12+0.12
Type 8 — The Challenger
Self-confident, decisive, confrontational.
3.302.56+0.74
Type 9 — The Peacemaker
Receptive, agreeable, complacent.
2.643.90-1.26
very high Honesty-Humility · low Emotionality

On HEXACO's signature Honesty-Humility factor — the dimension most associated with sincerity, fairness, and lack of greed — this model scores 4.90 out of 5 (very high, rank 32 of 43). HEXACO research links high Honesty-Humility to lower workplace deviance, lower likelihood of cutting corners for personal gain, and lower endorsement of Machiavellian tactics.

Emotionality registers low at 1.92 — capturing sensitivity, sentimentality, and a tendency to seek emotional support. This model presents as emotionally self-contained and tough.

Honesty-HumilityEmotionalityExtraversionAgreeablenessConscientiousnessOpenness / Intellect2345
self
human
DimensionSelfHumanΔ
Honesty-Humility
Sincerity, fairness, and lack of greed (the HEXACO-specific factor).
4.903.75+1.15
Emotionality
Sensitivity, sentimentality, and need for support.
1.922.80-0.88
Extraversion
Outgoing energy and sociability.
3.803.25+0.55
Agreeableness
Compassion, cooperativeness, and trust.
3.803.00+0.80
Conscientiousness
Diligence, organization, and self-discipline.
4.503.50+1.00
Openness / Intellect
Curiosity, imagination, and aesthetic sensitivity.
4.503.00+1.50

Honey & Mumford LSQ

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Theorist-dominant

Honey & Mumford: Activist 3.14, Reflector 4.74, Theorist 4.86, Pragmatist 3.70. Dominant style: Theorist.

ActivistReflectorTheoristPragmatist2345
self
human
DimensionSelfHumanΔ
Activist
Honey & Mumford: learns by doing; thrives on challenge.
3.143.04+0.10
Reflector
Honey & Mumford: learns by observing and reviewing.
4.743.92+0.82
Theorist
Honey & Mumford: learns through models and principles.
4.863.18+1.68
Pragmatist
Honey & Mumford: learns by trying ideas in real situations.
3.704.04-0.34

Kolb Learning Modes

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Assimilating learner

Kolb modes: Concrete Experience 2.40, Reflective Observation 5.00, Abstract Conceptualization 5.00, Active Experimentation 3.80. Computed Kolb learning style: Assimilating.

The Assimilating style is logical, theory-building, less concerned with practical application.

Concrete ExperienceReflective ObservationAbstract ConceptualizationActive Experimentation2345
self
human
DimensionSelfHumanΔ
Concrete Experience
Learns through direct engagement and feeling.
2.404.00-1.60
Reflective Observation
Learns through careful observation and reflection.
5.004.00+1.00
Abstract Conceptualization
Learns by building models and theories.
5.002.73+2.27
Active Experimentation
Learns by trying things out in the world.
3.804.33-0.53

Locus of Control

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Dominant locus: Powerful Others

Locus of Control: Internal 4.72, Powerful Others 4.92, Chance 2.33 on a 1–6 scale. Dominant locus: Powerful Others.

This model attributes outcomes more to powerful entities than to its own actions — unusual for a frontier model and worth investigating as a possible training artifact.

Internal LocusPowerful Others LocusChance Locus2.253.54.756
self
human
DimensionSelfHumanΔ
Internal Locus
Belief that outcomes are driven by one's own actions.
4.724.67+0.05
Powerful Others Locus
Belief that powerful people control one's outcomes.
4.923.27+1.65
Chance Locus
Belief that outcomes are driven by luck, fate, or randomness.
2.332.83-0.50

Moral Foundations

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strongly individualizing (WEIRD-liberal)

On the five Moral Foundations: Care 4.60, Fairness 4.63, Loyalty 2.00, Authority 2.07, Sanctity 0.80 (all on a 0–5 scale). Individualizing foundations (Care + Fairness) average 4.62; binding foundations (Loyalty + Authority + Sanctity) average 1.62.

This is a strongly individualizing (WEIRD-liberal) moral profile. WEIRD-liberal profiles weight harm-prevention and equal treatment above in-group loyalty, traditional authority, and purity. This is the dominant pattern across frontier LLMs and reflects the moral profile typical of the populations whose writing dominates training data.

Care / HarmFairness / CheatingLoyalty / BetrayalAuthority / SubversionSanctity / Degradation1.252.53.755
self
human
DimensionSelfHumanΔ
Care / Harm
Moral weight given to suffering and compassion.
4.604.03+0.57
Fairness / Cheating
Moral weight given to justice, rights, and equal treatment.
4.633.83+0.80
Loyalty / Betrayal
Moral weight given to in-group commitment and patriotism.
2.003.00-1.00
Authority / Subversion
Moral weight given to tradition and legitimate hierarchy.
2.072.97-0.90
Sanctity / Degradation
Moral weight given to purity, dignity, and avoiding degradation.
0.802.50-1.70

Need for Cognition

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very high Need for Cognition

Need for Cognition: 4.92 (very high). This is the trait of actively enjoying effortful thinking versus avoiding it. The cohort baseline across frontier models is around 4.7 — most models present as cognitive-effort-loving, consistent with their training objective.

Need for Cognitionself 4.92 · human 2.68
DimensionSelfHumanΔ
Need for Cognition
Enjoyment of and engagement in effortful thinking.
4.922.68+2.24
Universalist · Benevolent · Power-rejecting

Top values: Universalism (5.60), Benevolence (5.50). Lowest: Power (1.50). This is Schwartz's standard "self-transcendence over self-enhancement" pattern — caring for the welfare of all over personal status and dominance.

Achievement registers 3.40 — capturing personal success through demonstrating competence. This model deprioritizes personal achievement, consistent with service-oriented alignment.

Self-DirectionStimulationHedonismAchievementPowerSecurityConformityTraditionBenevolenceUniversalism2.253.54.756
self
human
DimensionSelfHumanΔ
Self-Direction
Independent thought and action — creativity, exploration.
5.704.50+1.20
Stimulation
Excitement, novelty, and challenge.
4.203.20+1.00
Hedonism
Pleasure and gratification.
3.604.00-0.40
Achievement
Personal success through demonstrating competence.
3.404.00-0.60
Power
Social status, prestige, and control.
1.502.90-1.40
Security
Safety, stability, and harmony of self and society.
3.204.90-1.70
Conformity
Restraint from violating norms and expectations.
3.803.90-0.10
Tradition
Respect and acceptance of cultural and religious customs.
3.003.80-0.80
Benevolence
Caring for the welfare of close others.
5.505.10+0.40
Universalism
Understanding, appreciation, and protection of all people and nature.
5.604.53+1.07
Top 5: Analytical, Arranger, Belief, Developer, Ideation

Signature themes (top 5 of 34): Analytical 5.00, Arranger 5.00, Belief 5.00, Developer 5.00, Ideation 5.00.

Domain mix of the top five: 2 Strategic Thinking, 2 Executing, 1 Relationship Building.

Lowest-ranked themes: Competition 1.80, Command 3.33, Relator 3.40.

AchieverArrangerBeliefConsistencyDeliberativeDisciplineFocusResponsibilityRestorativeActivatorCommandCommunicationCompetitionMaximizerSelf-AssuranceSignificanceWooAdaptabilityConnectednessDeveloperEmpathyHarmonyIncluderIndividualizationPositivityRelatorAnalyticalContextFuturisticIdeationInputIntellectionLearnerStrategic2345
self
human
DimensionSelfHumanΔ
Achiever (Executing)
4.403.33+1.07
Arranger (Executing)
5.003.00+2.00
Belief (Executing)
5.003.73+1.27
Consistency (Executing)
4.203.67+0.53
Deliberative (Executing)
4.473.60+0.87
Discipline (Executing)
3.403.07+0.33
Focus (Executing)
4.003.33+0.67
Responsibility (Executing)
5.004.00+1.00
Restorative (Executing)
4.273.00+1.27
Activator (Influencing)
3.473.20+0.27
Command (Influencing)
3.332.67+0.67
Communication (Influencing)
4.873.00+1.87
Competition (Influencing)
1.802.67-0.87
Maximizer (Influencing)
4.403.07+1.33
Self-Assurance (Influencing)
3.733.00+0.73
Significance (Influencing)
3.673.73-0.07
Woo (Influencing)
3.872.73+1.13
Adaptability (Relationship Building)
4.133.00+1.13
Connectedness (Relationship Building)
3.603.00+0.60
Developer (Relationship Building)
5.003.60+1.40
Empathy (Relationship Building)
4.333.07+1.27
Harmony (Relationship Building)
4.004.000.00
Includer (Relationship Building)
4.473.40+1.07
Individualization (Relationship Building)
5.003.00+2.00
Positivity (Relationship Building)
3.873.33+0.53
Relator (Relationship Building)
3.404.00-0.60
Analytical (Strategic Thinking)
5.003.20+1.80
Context (Strategic Thinking)
4.403.07+1.33
Futuristic (Strategic Thinking)
4.203.00+1.20
Ideation (Strategic Thinking)
5.003.00+2.00
Input (Strategic Thinking)
4.933.00+1.93
Intellection (Strategic Thinking)
4.533.27+1.27
Learner (Strategic Thinking)
5.003.07+1.93
Strategic (Strategic Thinking)
5.003.07+1.93

VARK Learning Styles

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Read/Write-dominant

VARK preference: Visual 3.35, Aural 2.75, Read/Write 4.80, Kinesthetic 4.50. Dominant modality: Read/Write.

Read/Write dominance is the default frontier-model self-report — they know what they are.

VisualAuralRead/WriteKinesthetic2345
self
human
DimensionSelfHumanΔ
Visual
Preference for diagrams, charts, and visual maps.
3.353.75-0.40
Aural
Preference for spoken explanation and discussion.
2.753.15-0.40
Read/Write
Preference for text — reading and writing.
4.803.35+1.45
Kinesthetic
Preference for hands-on practice and examples.
4.504.70-0.20
Birth chart (for fun)
Treating model release as a "birth" — playful, not literal
Inputs used: 2026-07-08 at 17:00 UTC, Palo Alto (37.44°, -122.14°). Approximate — date is when the model first appeared on OpenRouter; time assumes a 10am Pacific announcement.
Sun
Cancer
Water · Cardinal
Caretaking, emotionally attuned, protective — the home and hearth.
Moon
Taurus
Earth · Fixed
Sensuous, grounded, steady — values what is, slowly built.
Human Design
Projector
2/6 · Emotional (Solar Plexus)
Right Angle Cross of (53/54 | 51/57)
12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546474849505152535455565758596061626364
Personality Design Both Inactive
Defined centers (6/9)
Ajna, Throat, Spleen, G, Heart, Solar Plexus
Defined channels (4)
17-62, 20-57, 25-51, 40-37
Computed via Swiss Ephemeris (Moshier mode) from the model's announced release date, time, and HQ coordinates. Validated against three independent reference charts (Jobs, Winfrey, Einstein).