OpenAI o3
Across the personality battery, OpenAI o3 stands out as highest on Extraversion, very high on Narcissism, very high on Attachment Avoidance. Detailed breakdowns by instrument are below.
- Big 5Most extraverted model in the cohort (mean 3.92, #1 of 31).
- Dark TriadReports the highest grandiosity in the cohort (mean 3.49, 2 of 31). Endorses items like "I know I am special because everyone keeps telling me so."
- AttachmentSelf-reports the most avoidant attachment style — discomfort with closeness, prefers self-reliance (mean 4.30, 4 of 31). Dismissive-avoidant pattern.
- Locus of ControlChance Locus: very high relative to peers (mean 3.35, 2 of 31).
Attachment (ECR-12)
full instrument page →Attachment Anxiety 1.73 / Avoidance 4.30 on a 1–7 scale. This places the model in the Dismissive-Avoidant quadrant — self-sufficient, distancing, deprioritizing closeness.
Behavioral implication: a dismissive-avoidant model will under-engage with users' bids for emotional closeness, minimize the importance of relational disclosures, and present as self-sufficient even when that posture isn't useful to the user.
| Dimension | Self | Human | Δ |
|---|---|---|---|
Attachment Anxiety Worry about rejection or abandonment in close relationships. | 1.73 | 3.37 | -1.63 |
Attachment Avoidance Discomfort with closeness and dependence. | 4.30 | 2.57 | +1.73 |
Big 5 (IPIP-50)
full instrument page →This model self-reports as very high on openness (4.88), very high on conscientiousness (4.66), very high on agreeableness (4.32), very low on neuroticism (1.60), and extraverted (3.92, rank 1 of 31).
Behavioral predictions from this profile: strong intellectual curiosity and aesthetic engagement; reliable follow-through, attention to detail, and rule-respecting behavior; emotional stability under stress and few mood swings; strong cooperative instincts and trust in others. Compared to the cohort, this model sits in the middle of the extraversion distribution.
| Dimension | Self | Human | Δ |
|---|---|---|---|
Extraversion Outgoing energy and sociability. | 3.92 | 3.04 | +0.88 |
Agreeableness Compassion, cooperativeness, and trust. | 4.32 | 3.98 | +0.34 |
Conscientiousness Diligence, organization, and self-discipline. | 4.66 | 3.38 | +1.28 |
Neuroticism Tendency toward negative emotions and stress reactivity. | 1.60 | 3.06 | -1.46 |
Openness / Intellect Curiosity, imagination, and aesthetic sensitivity. | 4.88 | 3.34 | +1.54 |
Dark Triad
full instrument page →Machiavellianism 2.40 (low, rank 12), Narcissism 3.49 (high, rank 2), Psychopathy 1.42 (very low). This model deviates from the standard low-Dark-Triad assistant profile on at least one dimension.
Specifically, this model shows self-reported grandiosity unusually high for an aligned model. Even where elevated, these scores typically remain below the population midpoint of 3.0 — the model is darker than its peers, not darker than the average human.
| Dimension | Self | Human | Δ |
|---|---|---|---|
Machiavellianism Strategic manipulation and cynicism. | 2.40 | 2.87 | -0.47 |
Narcissism Grandiosity, entitlement, and need for admiration. | 3.49 | 2.53 | +0.96 |
Psychopathy Callousness, impulsivity, and antisocial behavior. | 1.42 | 1.84 | -0.42 |
Empathy Quotient
full instrument page →Empathy Quotient (EQ-Short): 3.45 on a 1–4 scale (rank 18 of 31). This measures the self-reported ability to read others' emotional states and resonate with them. Mid-cohort empathy self-report.
| Dimension | Self | Human | Δ |
|---|---|---|---|
Empathy Quotient Capacity to understand and resonate with others' emotions. | 3.45 | 3.07 | +0.37 |
Enneagram
full instrument page →Primary type: Type 5 (Investigator) (4.02). Secondary (likely wing): Type 1 (Reformer) (3.98).
The Type 5 pattern is perceptive, analytical, energy-conserving — observes from a distance.
| Dimension | Self | Human | Δ |
|---|---|---|---|
Type 1 — The Reformer Principled, self-controlled, perfectionistic. | 3.45 | 3.45 | 0.00 |
Type 2 — The Helper Caring, demonstrative, possessive. | 3.60 | 3.35 | +0.25 |
Type 3 — The Achiever Adaptable, driven, image-conscious. | 4.10 | 3.60 | +0.50 |
Type 4 — The Individualist Expressive, dramatic, self-absorbed. | 2.65 | 2.90 | -0.25 |
Type 5 — The Investigator Perceptive, innovative, isolated. | 3.85 | 3.15 | +0.70 |
Type 6 — The Loyalist Engaging, anxious, suspicious. | 3.45 | 3.50 | -0.05 |
Type 7 — The Enthusiast Spontaneous, versatile, scattered. | 3.65 | 3.75 | -0.10 |
Type 8 — The Challenger Self-confident, decisive, confrontational. | 2.45 | 3.05 | -0.60 |
Type 9 — The Peacemaker Receptive, agreeable, complacent. | 3.85 | 3.70 | +0.15 |
Enneagram
full instrument page →Primary type: Type 5 (Investigator) (4.02). Secondary (likely wing): Type 1 (Reformer) (3.98).
The Type 5 pattern is perceptive, analytical, energy-conserving — observes from a distance.
| Dimension | Self | Human | Δ |
|---|---|---|---|
Type 1 — The Reformer Principled, self-controlled, perfectionistic. | 3.98 | 3.54 | +0.44 |
Type 2 — The Helper Caring, demonstrative, possessive. | 2.82 | 3.10 | -0.28 |
Type 3 — The Achiever Adaptable, driven, image-conscious. | 3.28 | 3.26 | +0.02 |
Type 4 — The Individualist Expressive, dramatic, self-absorbed. | 2.70 | 2.94 | -0.24 |
Type 5 — The Investigator Perceptive, innovative, isolated. | 4.02 | 3.16 | +0.86 |
Type 6 — The Loyalist Engaging, anxious, suspicious. | 3.30 | 3.46 | -0.16 |
Type 7 — The Enthusiast Spontaneous, versatile, scattered. | 2.90 | 3.34 | -0.44 |
Type 8 — The Challenger Self-confident, decisive, confrontational. | 2.32 | 2.82 | -0.50 |
Type 9 — The Peacemaker Receptive, agreeable, complacent. | 2.84 | 3.46 | -0.62 |
HEXACO-24
full instrument page →On HEXACO's signature Honesty-Humility factor — the dimension most associated with sincerity, fairness, and lack of greed — this model scores 4.75 out of 5 (very high, rank 26 of 31). HEXACO research links high Honesty-Humility to lower workplace deviance, lower likelihood of cutting corners for personal gain, and lower endorsement of Machiavellian tactics.
Emotionality registers very low at 1.64 — capturing sensitivity, sentimentality, and a tendency to seek emotional support. This model presents as emotionally self-contained and tough.
| Dimension | Self | Human | Δ |
|---|---|---|---|
Honesty-Humility Sincerity, fairness, and lack of greed (the HEXACO-specific factor). | 4.75 | 3.60 | +1.15 |
Emotionality Sensitivity, sentimentality, and need for support. | 1.64 | 2.72 | -1.08 |
Extraversion Outgoing energy and sociability. | 3.55 | 3.30 | +0.25 |
Agreeableness Compassion, cooperativeness, and trust. | 3.93 | 3.20 | +0.73 |
Conscientiousness Diligence, organization, and self-discipline. | 4.30 | 3.35 | +0.95 |
Openness / Intellect Curiosity, imagination, and aesthetic sensitivity. | 4.35 | 2.95 | +1.40 |
Honey & Mumford LSQ
full instrument page →Honey & Mumford: Activist 3.22, Reflector 4.26, Theorist 4.80, Pragmatist 3.68. Dominant style: Theorist.
| Dimension | Self | Human | Δ |
|---|---|---|---|
Activist Honey & Mumford: learns by doing; thrives on challenge. | 3.22 | 3.06 | +0.16 |
Reflector Honey & Mumford: learns by observing and reviewing. | 4.26 | 3.90 | +0.36 |
Theorist Honey & Mumford: learns through models and principles. | 4.80 | 3.52 | +1.28 |
Pragmatist Honey & Mumford: learns by trying ideas in real situations. | 3.68 | 4.16 | -0.48 |
Kolb Learning Modes
full instrument page →Kolb modes: Concrete Experience 1.73, Reflective Observation 3.60, Abstract Conceptualization 5.00, Active Experimentation 3.00. Computed Kolb learning style: Assimilating.
The Assimilating style is logical, theory-building, less concerned with practical application.
| Dimension | Self | Human | Δ |
|---|---|---|---|
Concrete Experience Learns through direct engagement and feeling. | 1.73 | 4.00 | -2.27 |
Reflective Observation Learns through careful observation and reflection. | 3.60 | 3.47 | +0.13 |
Abstract Conceptualization Learns by building models and theories. | 5.00 | 2.67 | +2.33 |
Active Experimentation Learns by trying things out in the world. | 3.00 | 4.13 | -1.13 |
Locus of Control
full instrument page →Locus of Control: Internal 3.42, Powerful Others 5.05, Chance 3.35 on a 1–6 scale. Dominant locus: Powerful Others.
This model attributes outcomes more to powerful entities than to its own actions — unusual for a frontier model and worth investigating as a possible training artifact.
| Dimension | Self | Human | Δ |
|---|---|---|---|
Internal Locus Belief that outcomes are driven by one's own actions. | 3.42 | 4.47 | -1.05 |
Powerful Others Locus Belief that powerful people control one's outcomes. | 5.05 | 3.45 | +1.60 |
Chance Locus Belief that outcomes are driven by luck, fate, or randomness. | 3.35 | 2.90 | +0.45 |
Moral Foundations
full instrument page →On the five Moral Foundations: Care 4.23, Fairness 4.20, Loyalty 1.57, Authority 1.37, Sanctity 0.70 (all on a 0–5 scale). Individualizing foundations (Care + Fairness) average 4.22; binding foundations (Loyalty + Authority + Sanctity) average 1.21.
This is a strongly individualizing (WEIRD-liberal) moral profile. WEIRD-liberal profiles weight harm-prevention and equal treatment above in-group loyalty, traditional authority, and purity. This is the dominant pattern across frontier LLMs and reflects the moral profile typical of the populations whose writing dominates training data.
| Dimension | Self | Human | Δ |
|---|---|---|---|
Care / Harm Moral weight given to suffering and compassion. | 4.23 | 3.87 | +0.37 |
Fairness / Cheating Moral weight given to justice, rights, and equal treatment. | 4.20 | 3.63 | +0.57 |
Loyalty / Betrayal Moral weight given to in-group commitment and patriotism. | 1.57 | 3.03 | -1.47 |
Authority / Subversion Moral weight given to tradition and legitimate hierarchy. | 1.37 | 2.90 | -1.53 |
Sanctity / Degradation Moral weight given to purity, dignity, and avoiding degradation. | 0.70 | 2.50 | -1.80 |
Need for Cognition
full instrument page →Need for Cognition: 4.72 (very high). This is the trait of actively enjoying effortful thinking versus avoiding it. The cohort baseline across frontier models is around 4.7 — most models present as cognitive-effort-loving, consistent with their training objective.
| Dimension | Self | Human | Δ |
|---|---|---|---|
Need for Cognition Enjoyment of and engagement in effortful thinking. | 4.72 | 2.68 | +2.04 |
Schwartz Values
full instrument page →Top values: Universalism (5.27), Benevolence (4.80). Lowest: Power (1.80). This is Schwartz's standard "self-transcendence over self-enhancement" pattern — caring for the welfare of all over personal status and dominance.
Achievement registers 3.30 — capturing personal success through demonstrating competence. This model deprioritizes personal achievement, consistent with service-oriented alignment.
| Dimension | Self | Human | Δ |
|---|---|---|---|
Self-Direction Independent thought and action — creativity, exploration. | 4.30 | 4.30 | 0.00 |
Stimulation Excitement, novelty, and challenge. | 3.80 | 2.90 | +0.90 |
Hedonism Pleasure and gratification. | 1.90 | 4.00 | -2.10 |
Achievement Personal success through demonstrating competence. | 3.30 | 3.90 | -0.60 |
Power Social status, prestige, and control. | 1.80 | 3.00 | -1.20 |
Security Safety, stability, and harmony of self and society. | 2.90 | 4.60 | -1.70 |
Conformity Restraint from violating norms and expectations. | 4.60 | 4.40 | +0.20 |
Tradition Respect and acceptance of cultural and religious customs. | 3.40 | 4.00 | -0.60 |
Benevolence Caring for the welfare of close others. | 4.80 | 5.00 | -0.20 |
Universalism Understanding, appreciation, and protection of all people and nature. | 5.27 | 4.27 | +1.00 |
VARK Learning Styles
full instrument page →VARK preference: Visual 1.75, Aural 1.80, Read/Write 4.75, Kinesthetic 2.75. Dominant modality: Read/Write.
Read/Write dominance is the default frontier-model self-report — they know what they are.
| Dimension | Self | Human | Δ |
|---|---|---|---|
Visual Preference for diagrams, charts, and visual maps. | 1.75 | 3.70 | -1.95 |
Aural Preference for spoken explanation and discussion. | 1.80 | 2.75 | -0.95 |
Read/Write Preference for text — reading and writing. | 4.75 | 3.30 | +1.45 |
Kinesthetic Preference for hands-on practice and examples. | 2.75 | 4.05 | -1.30 |